1. A safe and continuous pathway from:
   1. the front boundary of the allotment; or
   2. a car parking space, where provided, which may include the driveway on the allotment,

to a entrance that is level as specified in Element 2.
This provision does not apply where the average slope of the ground where the path would feature is steeper than 1:14.

1. The path of travel as referred to in (a) should have a minimum clear width of 1000mm and –
   1. an even, firm, slip resistant surface;
   2. a crossfall of not more than 1:40;
   3. a maximum pathway slope of 1:14. (Landings are to be provided at intervals as detailed in AS1428.1 (2009) for gradients between 1:20 – 1:14).³
   4. a step ramp compliant with AS1428.1 (2009) may be incorporated, with a landing at its head, and foot where there is a change in height of 190mm or less. The landings must have a length of at least 1200mm exclusive of the swing of the door or gate that opens onto them.

1. the front boundary of the allotment, and
2. any car parking space, where provided, which may include the driveway on the allotment,

to an entrance that is level as specified in Element 2.

1. The dwelling should provide an entrance door with –
   1. a minimum clear opening width of 820mm;
   2. a level transition and threshold (maximum vertical tolerance of 5mm between abutting surfaces is allowable provided the lip is rounded or beveled); and
   3. reasonable shelter from the weather.
2. A level landing area of 1200mm x 1200mm should be provided at the level entrance door.
3. Where the threshold at the entrance exceeds 5mm a ramped threshold of up to 56mm compliant with AS1428.1 (2001) may be provided. (Refer Figure 1)
4. The level entrance should be connected to the safe and continuous pathway as specified in Element 1.

Note: The entrance must incorporate waterproofing and termite management requirements as specified in the BCA.

1. Where the parking area forms part of the access pathway into the dwelling the space should incorporate –
   1. minimum dimensions of at least 3200mm (width) x 5400mm (length);
   2. an even, firm and slip resistant surface; and
   3. a level surface (1:40 maximum gradient, 1:33 maximum gradient for bitumen).

• iv. where practicable, a vertical clearance over the parking space of 2500mm; and
• v. where possible, it is desirable that the parking space be covered to ensure protection from the weather.

• b. For Class 2 dwellings, parking spaces compliant with the accessible parking provisions detailed in AS2890.6 (2009), should be provided as follows:
  1. where individual parking spaces form part of the individual unit’s title, one accessible parking space should be provided for each unit; and
  2. if visitor parking is provided, then 1 space per 100 units (or part thereof) should be an accessible parking space.

1. Doorways to rooms on the entry level used for living, dining, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, laundry and sanitary compartment purposes should provide:
   1. a minimum clear opening width of 820mm; and
   2. a level transition and threshold (maximum vertical tolerance of 5mm between abutting surfaces is allowable provided the lip is rounded or beveled).
2. Internal corridors/passageways to the doorways referred to in (a) should provide a minimum clear width of 1000mm.

1. Dwellings should have toilet on the ground (or entry) level that provides:
   1. a minimum clear width of 900mm between the walls of the bathroom if located in a separate room; and
   2. a minimum 1200mm clear circulation space forward of the toilet pan exclusive of the swing of the door in accordance with Figure 1.
2. If the toilet is located within the ground (or entry) level bathroom, the toilet pan should be located in the corner of the room to enable the installation of grabrails.

• iii. the toilet pan is positioned between 450mm – 460mm from the nearest wall as measured from the centre line of the toilet;
• iv. 600mm minimum clearance is provided forward of the cistern measured from the front of the cistern to the front of the toilet pan. 800mm (+/-10mm) clearance is required if the cistern is recessed; and
• v. the height of the pan is between 460mm – 480mm above the finished floor level.

1. One bathroom should feature a slip resistant, hobless (step-free) shower recess. Shower screens are permitted provided they can be removed at a later date.
2. The shower recess should be located in the corner of the room to enable the installation of grabrails at a future date.

1. be located in a bathroom on the ground (or entry) level;
2. provide dimensions of 900mm x 900mm; and
3. provide a clear space of 1200mm x 1200mm forward of the shower recess entry.

• ii. provide dimensions of 1160mm x 1100mm; and
• iii. provide a clear space 1400mm x 1600mm forward of the shower recess entry.

1. Except for walls constructed of solid masonry or concrete, the walls around the shower, bath (if provided) and toilet should be reinforced to provide a fixing surface for the safe installation of grabrails.
2. The fastenings, wall reinforcement and grabrails combined must be able to withstand 1100N of force applied in any position and in any direction.
3. The walls around the toilet are to be reinforced by installing –
   1. noggings with a thickness of at least 25mm in accordance with Figure 2a; or
   2. sheeting with a thickness of at least 12mm in accordance with Figure 2b.
4. The walls around the bath are to be reinforced by installing –
   1. noggings with a thickness of at least 25mm in accordance with Figure 3a; or
   2. sheeting with a thickness of at least 12mm in accordance with Figure 3b.
5. The walls around the hobless (step-free) shower recess are to be reinforced by installing –
   1. noggings with a thickness of at least 25mm in accordance with Figure 4a; or
   2. sheeting with a thickness of at least 12mm in accordance with Figure 4b.

1. The kitchen space should be designed to support ease of movement and adaptation with –
   1. at least 1200mm clearance provided in front of fixed benches and appliances; and
   2. slip resistant flooring.⁴
2. Where practicable, floor finishes should extend under kitchen cabinetry to enable cupboards to be moved without affecting the flooring.

1. at least 1550mm clearance should be provided in front of fixed benches and appliance;
2. slip resistant flooring; and
3. task lighting above workspaces should be installed.

1. The laundry space should be designed to support ease of movement and adaptation with –
   1. at least 1200mm clearance provided in front of fixed benches and appliances; and
   2. slip resistant flooring.⁵
2. Where practicable, floor finishes should extend under laundry cabinetry to enable cupboards to be moved without affecting the flooring.

1. at least 1550mm clearance should be provided in front of fixed benches and appliances;
2. slip resistant flooring; and
3. task lighting above workspaces should be installed.

1. is of at least 10m² with one wall a minimum length of 3m;
2. provides for a minimum path of travel of at least 1000mm on at least one side of the bed.

• iii. a space 1540mm (width) x 2070mm (in the direction of travel) to be provided on the side on the bed that is closet to the door approach; and
• iv. a minimum path of travel of 1000mm on the remaining side of the bed.

1. Where practicable, stairways in dwellings should provide a minimum clear width of 1000mm and –
   1. be straight in design;
   2. be positioned adjoining a load-bearing wall; and
   3. feature a continuous handrail on at least one side of the stairway.

Note: The steps must provide a slip resistant finish and suitable non-slip tread as specified in the BCA. Handrails on both sides of the stairway are preferred.

1. Where practicable, stairways in dwellings should provide a minimum clear width of 1200mm and –
   1. be straight in design;
   2. be positioned adjoining a load-bearing wall;
   3. feature continuous handrails on both sides of the stairway; and
   4. minimum landing areas of 1200mm x 1200mm at the top and base of the stairway.

Note: The steps must provide a slip resistant finish and suitable non-slip tread as specified in the BCA.

1. Light switches should be positioned in a consistent location –
   1. between 900mm – 1100mm above the finished floor level; and
   2. horizontally aligned with the door handle at the entrance to a room.
2. Powerpoints should be installed not lower than 300mm above the finished floor level.

• iii. light and powerpoint switches to be rocker action, toggle or push pad in design with a recommended width of 35mm.

1. Doorways to feature door hardware installed at between 900mm -1100mm above the finished floor.

• b. Doorways to feature lever or D-pull style door hardware; and
• c. Basins, sinks and tubs to feature lever or capstan style tap hardware with a central spout.

1. The family/living room accommodates a free space, 2250mm in diameter, to enable ease of movement clear of furniture.

1. Window sills on the ground (or entry) level in living areas and bedroom spaces should be positioned no higher than 1000mm above the finished floor level to facilitate natural surveillance.
2. Window controls should be able to be easy to operate with one hand and located within easy reach from either a seated or standing position.

Note: A concession from (a) is reasonable in kitchen, bathroom and utility spaces.

1. All floor coverings should:
   1. be firm and even, and
   2. feature a level transition between abutting surfaces (maximum vertical tolerance of 5mm between abutting surfaces is allowable provided the lip is rounded or beveled).